linux基礎(chǔ)復(fù)習(xí)（7）串口應(yīng)用開發(fā)

break;

case 460800:

cfsetispeed(newtio, B460800);

cfsetospeed(newtio, B460800);

break;

default:

cfsetispeed(newtio, B9600);

cfsetospeed(newtio, B9600);

break;

}

/*設(shè)置停止位*/

if( nStop == 1 )

newtio.c_cflag = ~CSTOPB;

else if ( nStop == 2 )

newtio.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;

/*設(shè)置等待時(shí)間和最小接收字符*/

newtio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;

newtio.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;

/*處理未接收字符*/

tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH);

/*激活新配置*/

if((tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,newtio))!=0)

{

perror(com set error);

return -1;

}

printf(set done!n);

return 0;

}

[b]串口使用詳解[/b]

在配置完串口的相關(guān)屬性后，就可對串口進(jìn)行打開，讀寫操作了。其使用方式與文件操作一樣，區(qū)別在于串口是一個(gè)終端設(shè)備。

[b]打開串口[/b]

fd = open( /dev/ttyS0, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY);

Open函數(shù)中除普通參數(shù)外，另有兩個(gè)參數(shù)O_NOCTTY和O_NDELAY。

O_NOCTTY: 通知linix系統(tǒng)，這個(gè)程序不會成為這個(gè)端口的控制終端。

O_NDELAY: 通知linux系統(tǒng)不關(guān)心DCD信號線所處的狀態(tài)(端口的另一端是否激活或者停止)。

然后，恢復(fù)串口的狀態(tài)為阻塞狀態(tài)，用于等待串口數(shù)據(jù)的讀入。用fcntl函數(shù)：

fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, 0);

接著，測試打開的文件描述府是否引用一個(gè)終端設(shè)備，以進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)串口是否正確打開。

isatty(STDIN_FILENO);

串口的讀寫與普通文件一樣，使用read,write函數(shù)。

read(fd,buff,8);

write(fd,buff,8);

實(shí)例

#i nclude stdio.h>

#i nclude string.h>

#i nclude sys/types.h>

#i nclude errno.h>

#i nclude sys/stat.h>

#i nclude fcntl.h>

#i nclude unistd.h>

#i nclude termios.h>

#i nclude stdlib.h>

int set_opt(int fd,int nSpeed, int nBits, char nEvent, int nStop)

{

struct termios newtio,oldtio;

if ( tcgetattr( fd,oldtio) != 0) {

perror(SetupSerial 1);

return -1;

}

bzero( newtio, sizeof( newtio ) );

newtio.c_cflag |= CLOCAL | CREAD;

newtio.c_cflag = ~CSIZE;

switch( nBits )

{

case 7:

newtio.c_cflag |= CS7;

break;

case 8:

newtio.c_cflag |= CS8;

break;

}

switch( nEvent )

{

case 'O':

newtio.c_cflag |= PARENB;

newtio.c_cflag |= PARODD;

newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP);

break;

case 'E':

newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP);

newtio.c_cflag |= PARENB;

newtio.c_cflag = ~PARODD;

break;

case 'N':

newtio.c_cflag = ~PARENB;

break;

}

switch( nSpeed )

{

case 2400:

cfsetispeed(newtio, B2400);

cfsetospeed(newtio, B2400);

break;

case 4800:

cfsetispeed(newtio, B4800);

cfsetospeed(newtio, B4800);

break;

case 9600:

cfsetispeed(newtio, B9600);

cfsetospeed(newtio, B9600);

break;

case 115200:

cfsetispeed(newtio, B115200);

cfsetospeed(newtio, B115200);

break;

default:

cfsetispeed(newtio, B9600);

cfsetospeed(newtio, B9600);

break;

}

if( nStop == 1 )

newtio.c_cflag = ~CSTOPB;

else if ( nStop == 2 )

newtio.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;

newtio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;

newtio.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;

tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH);

if((tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,newtio))!=0)

{

perror(com set error);

return -1;

}

printf(set done!n);

return 0;

}

int open_port(int fd,int comport)

{

char *dev[]={/dev/ttyS0,/dev/ttyS1,/dev/ttyS2};

long vdisable;

if (comport==1)

{ fd = open( /dev/ttyS0, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY);

if (-1 == fd){

perror(Can't Open Serial Port);

return(-1);

}

else

printf(open ttyS0 .....n);

}

else if(comport==2)

{ fd = open( /dev/ttyS1, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY);

if (-1 == fd){

perror(Can't Open Serial Port);

return(-1);

}

else

printf(open ttyS1 .....n);

}

else if (comport==3)

{

fd = open( /dev/ttyS2, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY);

if (-1 == fd){

perror(Can't Open Serial Port);

return(-1);

}

else

printf(open ttyS2 .....n);

}

if(fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, 0)0)

printf(fcntl failed!n);

else