51單片機(jī)-溫度控制-PID算法-DS18B20-C語(yǔ)言

#include

#include

#include

struct PID {

unsigned int SetPoint; // 設(shè)定目標(biāo) Desired Value

unsigned int Proportion; // 比例常數(shù) Proportional Const

unsigned int Integral; // 積分常數(shù) Integral Const

unsigned int Derivative; // 微分常數(shù) Derivative Const

unsigned int LastError; // Error[-1]

unsigned int PrevError; // Error[-2]

unsigned int SumError; // Sums of Errors

};

struct PID spid; // PID Control Structure

unsigned int rout; // PID Response (Output)

unsigned int rin; // PID Feedback (Input)

sbit data1=P1^0;

sbit clk=P1^1;

sbit plus=P2^0;

sbit subs=P2^1;

sbit stop=P2^2;

sbit output=P3^4;

sbit DQ=P3^3;

unsigned char flag,flag_1=0;

unsigned char high_time,low_time,count=0;//占空比調(diào)節(jié)參數(shù)

unsigned char set_temper=35;

unsigned char temper;

unsigned char i;

unsigned char j=0;

unsigned int s;

/***********************************************************

延時(shí)子程序,延時(shí)時(shí)間以12M晶振為準(zhǔn),延時(shí)時(shí)間為30us×time

***********************************************************/

void delay(unsigned char time)

{

unsigned char m,n;

for(n=0;n

for(m=0;m<2;m++){}

}

/***********************************************************

寫(xiě)一位數(shù)據(jù)子程序

***********************************************************/

void write_bit(unsigned char bitval)

{

EA=0;

DQ=0; /*拉低DQ以開(kāi)始一個(gè)寫(xiě)時(shí)序*/

if(bitval==1)

{

_nop_();

DQ=1; /*如要寫(xiě)1，則將總線置高*/

}

delay(5); /*延時(shí)90us供DS18B20采樣*/

DQ=1; /*釋放DQ總線*/

_nop_();

_nop_();

EA=1;

}

/***********************************************************

寫(xiě)一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)子程序

***********************************************************/

void write_byte(unsigned char val)

{

unsigned char i;

unsigned char temp;

EA=0;

TR0=0;

for(i=0;i<8;i++) /*寫(xiě)一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)，一次寫(xiě)一位*/

{

temp=val>>i; /*移位操作，將本次要寫(xiě)的位移到最低位*/

temp=temp&1;

write_bit(temp); /*向總線寫(xiě)該位*/

}

delay(7); /*延時(shí)120us后*/

// TR0=1;

EA=1;

}

/***********************************************************

讀一位數(shù)據(jù)子程序

***********************************************************/

unsigned char read_bit()

{

unsigned char i,value_bit;

EA=0;

DQ=0; /*拉低DQ，開(kāi)始讀時(shí)序*/

_nop_();

_nop_();

DQ=1; /*釋放總線*/

for(i=0;i<2;i++){}

value_bit=DQ;

EA=1;

return(value_bit);

}

/***********************************************************

讀一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)子程序

***********************************************************/

unsigned char read_byte()

{

unsigned char i,value=0;

EA=0;

for(i=0;i<8;i++)

{

if(read_bit()) /*讀一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)，一個(gè)時(shí)序中讀一次，并作移位處理*/

value|=0x01<

delay(4); /*延時(shí)80us以完成此次都時(shí)序，之后再讀下一數(shù)據(jù)*/

}

EA=1;

return(value);

}

/***********************************************************

復(fù)位子程序

***********************************************************/

unsigned char reset()

{

unsigned char presence;

EA=0;

DQ=0; /*拉低DQ總線開(kāi)始復(fù)位*/

delay(30); /*保持低電平480us*/

DQ=1; /*釋放總線*/

delay(3);

presence=DQ; /*獲取應(yīng)答信號(hào)*/

delay(28); /*延時(shí)以完成整個(gè)時(shí)序*/

EA=1;

return(presence); /*返回應(yīng)答信號(hào)，有芯片應(yīng)答返回0,無(wú)芯片則返回1*/

}

/***********************************************************

獲取溫度子程序

***********************************************************/

void get_temper()

{

unsigned char i,j;

do

{

i=reset(); /*復(fù)位*/

}while(i!=0); /*1為無(wú)反饋信號(hào)*/

i=0xcc; /*發(fā)送設(shè)備定位命令*/

write_byte(i);

i=0x44; /*發(fā)送開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)換命令*/

write_byte(i);

delay(180); /*延時(shí)*/

do

{

i=reset(); /*復(fù)位*/

}while(i!=0);

i=0xcc; /*設(shè)備定位*/

write_byte(i);

i=0xbe; /*讀出緩沖區(qū)內(nèi)容*/

write_byte(i);

j=read_byte();

i=read_byte();

i=(i<<4)&0x7f;

s=(unsigned int)(j&0x0f);

s=(s*100)/16;

j=j>>4;

temper=i|j; /*獲取的溫度放在temper中

*/

}

/*=========================================================================

===========================

Initialize PID Structure

===========================================================================

==========================*/

void PIDInit (struct PID *pp)

{

memset ( pp,0,sizeof(struct PID));

}

/*=========================================================================

===========================

PID計(jì)算部分

===========================================================================

==========================*/

unsigned int PIDCalc( struct PID *pp, unsigned int NextPoint )

{

unsigned int dError,Error;

Error = pp->SetPoint - NextPoint; // 偏差

pp->SumError += Error; // 積分

dError = pp->LastError - pp->PrevError; // 當(dāng)前微分

pp->PrevError = pp->LastError;

pp->LastError = Error;

return (pp->Proportion * Error // 比例項(xiàng)

+ pp->Integral * pp->SumEror // 積分項(xiàng)

+ pp->Derivative * dError); // 微分項(xiàng)

}

/***********************************************************

溫度比較處理子程序

***********************************************************/

compare_temper()

{

unsigned char i;

if(set_temper>temper)

{

if(set_temper-temper>1)

{

high_time=100;

low_time=0;

}

else

{

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{ get_temper();

rin = s; // Read Input

rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation

}

if (high_time<=100)

high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/800);

else

high_time=100;

low_time= (100-high_time);

}

}

else if(set_temper<=temper)

{

if(temper-set_temper>0)

{

high_time=0;

low_time=100;

}

else

{

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{ get_temper();

rin = s; // Read Input

rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation

}

if (high_time<100)

high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/10000);

else

high_time=0;

low_time= (100-high_time);

}

}

// else

// {}

}

/*****************************************************

T0中斷服務(wù)子程序，用于控制電平的翻轉(zhuǎn) ,40us*100=4ms周期

******************************************************/

void serve_T0() interrupt 1 using 1

{

if(++count<=(high_time))

output=1;

else if(count<=100)

{

output=0;

}

else

count=0;

TH0=0x2f;

TL0=0xe0;

}

/*****************************************************

串行口中斷服務(wù)程序，用于上位機(jī)通訊

******************************************************/

void serve_sio() interrupt 4 using 2

{

/* EA=0;

RI=0;

i=SBUF;

if(i==2)

{

while(RI==0){}

RI=0;

set_temper=SBUF;

SBUF=0x02;

while(TI==0){}

TI=0;

}

else if(i==3)

{

TI=0;

SBUF=temper;

while(TI==0){}

TI=0;

}

EA=1; */

}

void disp_1(unsigned char disp_num1[6])

{

unsigned char n,a,m;

for(n=0;n<6;n++)

{

// k=disp_num1[n];

for(a=0;a<8;a++)

{

clk=0;

m=(disp_num1[n]&1);

disp_num1[n]=disp_num1[n]>>1;

if(m==1)

data1=1;

else

data1=0;

_nop_();

clk=1;

_nop_();

}

}

}

/*****************************************************

顯示子程序

功能：將占空比溫度轉(zhuǎn)化為單個(gè)字符，顯示占空比和測(cè)得到的溫度

******************************************************/

void display()

{

unsigned char code number[]=

{0xfc,0x60,0xda,0xf2,0x66,0xb6,0xbe,0xe0,0xfe,0xf6};

unsigned char disp_num[6];

unsigned int k,k1;

k=high_time;

k=k%1000;

k1=k/100;

if(k1==0)

disp_num[0]=0;

else

disp_num[0]=0x60;

k=k%100;

disp_num[1]=number[k/10];

disp_num[2]=number[k%10];

k=temper;

k=k%100;

disp_num[3]=number[k/10];

disp_num[4]=number[k%10]+1;

disp_num[5]=number[s/10];

disp_1(disp_num);

}

/***********************************************************

主程序

***********************************************************/

main()

{

unsigned char z;

unsigned char a,b,flag_2=1,count1=0;

unsigned char phil[]={2,0xce,0x6e,0x60,0x1c,2};;

TMOD=0x21;

TH0=0x2f;

TL0=0x40;

SCON=0x50;

PCON=0x00;

TH1=0xfd;

TL1=0xfd;

PS=1;

EA=1;

EX1=0;

ET0=1;

ES=1;

TR0=1;

TR1=1;

high_time=50;

low_time=50;

PIDInit ( &spid ); // Initialize Structure

spid.Proportion = 10; // Set PID Coefficients

spid.Integral = 8;

spid.Derivative =6;

spid.SetPoint = 100; // Set PID Setpoint

while(1)

{

if(plus==0)

{

EA=0;

for(a=0;a<5;a++)

for(b=0;b<102;b++){}

if(plus==0)

{

set_temper++;

flag=0;

}

}

else if(subs==0)

{

for(a=0;a<5;a++)

for(b=0;a<102;b++){}

if(subs==0)

{

set_temper--;

flag=0;

}

}

else if(stop==0)

{

for(a=0;a<5;a++)

for(b=0;b<102;b++){}

if(stop==0)

{

flag=0;

break;

}

EA=1;

}

get_temper();

b=temper;

if(flag_2==1)

a=b;

if((abs(a-b))>5)

temper=a;

else

temper=b;

a=temper;

flag_2=0;

if(++count1>30)

{

display();

count1=0;

}

compare_temper();

}

TR0=0;

z=1;

while(1)

{

EA=0;

if(stop==0)

{

for(a=0;a<5;a++)

for(b=0;b<102;b++){}

if(stop==0)

disp_1(phil);

// break;

}

EA=1;

}

}