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          EEPW首頁(yè) > 模擬技術(shù) > 設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用 > STM32啟動(dòng)過(guò)程全解

          STM32啟動(dòng)過(guò)程全解

          作者: 時(shí)間:2013-05-15 來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 收藏
          本文主要闡述了啟動(dòng)過(guò)程全面解析,包括啟動(dòng)過(guò)程的介紹、啟動(dòng)代碼的陳列以及深入解析。

            相對(duì)于ARM上一代的主流ARM7/ARM9內(nèi)核架構(gòu),新一代Cortex內(nèi)核架構(gòu)的啟動(dòng)方式有了比較大的變化。ARM7/ARM9內(nèi)核的控制器在復(fù)位后,CPU會(huì)從存儲(chǔ)空間的絕對(duì)地址0x000000取出第一條指令執(zhí)行復(fù)位中斷服務(wù)程序的方式啟動(dòng),即固定了復(fù)位后的起始地址為0x000000(PC = 0x000000)同時(shí)中斷向量表的位置并不是固定的。而Cortex-M3內(nèi)核則正好相反,有3種情況:

          專家揭秘:STM32啟動(dòng)過(guò)程全解

            1、 通過(guò)boot引腳設(shè)置可以將中斷向量表定位于SRAM區(qū),即起始地址為0x2000000,同時(shí)復(fù)位后PC指針位于0x2000000處;

            2、 通過(guò)boot引腳設(shè)置可以將中斷向量表定位于FLASH區(qū),即起始地址為0x8000000,同時(shí)復(fù)位后PC指針位于0x8000000處;

            3、 通過(guò)boot引腳設(shè)置可以將中斷向量表定位于內(nèi)置Bootloader區(qū),本文不對(duì)這種情況做論述;

            Cortex-M3內(nèi)核規(guī)定,起始地址必須存放堆頂指針,而第二個(gè)地址則必須存放復(fù)位中斷入口向量地址,這樣在Cortex-M3內(nèi)核復(fù)位后,會(huì)自動(dòng)從起始地址的下一個(gè)32位空間取出復(fù)位中斷入口向量,跳轉(zhuǎn)執(zhí)行復(fù)位中斷服務(wù)程序。對(duì)比ARM7/ARM9內(nèi)核,Cortex-M3內(nèi)核則是固定了中斷向量表的位置而起始地址是可變化的。

            有了上述準(zhǔn)備只是后,下面以的2.02固件庫(kù)提供的啟動(dòng)文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”為模板,對(duì)的啟動(dòng)過(guò)程做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要而全面的解析。
          程序清單一:
            ;文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”,其中注釋為行號(hào)
            DATA_IN_ExtSRAM EQU 0 ;1
            Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 ;2
            AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN = 3 ;3
            Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size ;4
            __initial_sp ;5
            Heap_Size EQU 0x00000400 ;6
            AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN = 3 ;7
            __heap_base ;8
            Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size ;9
            __heap_limit ;10
            THUMB ;11
            PRESERVE8 ;12
            IMPORT NMIException ;13
            IMPORT HardFaultException ;14
            IMPORT MemManageException ;15
            IMPORT BusFaultException ;16
            IMPORT UsageFaultException ;17
            IMPORT SVCHandler ;18
            IMPORT DebugMonitor ;19
            IMPORT PendSVC ;20
            IMPORT SysTickHandler ;21
            IMPORT WWDG_IRQHandler ;22
            IMPORT PVD_IRQHandler ;23
            IMPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler ;24
            IMPORT RTC_IRQHandler ;25
            IMPORT FLASH_IRQHandler ;26
            IMPORT RCC_IRQHandler ;27
            IMPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler ;28
            IMPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler ;29
            IMPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler ;30
            IMPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler ;31
            IMPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler ;32
            IMPORT DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ;33
            IMPORT DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ;34
            IMPORT DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ;35
            IMPORT DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ;36
            IMPORT DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ;37
            IMPORT DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ;38
            IMPORT DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ;39
            IMPORT ADC1_2_IRQHandler ;40
            IMPORT USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler ;41
            IMPORT USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler ;42
            IMPORT CAN_RX1_IRQHandler ;43
            IMPORT CAN_SCE_IRQHandler ;44
            IMPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ;45
            IMPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ;46
            IMPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ;47
            IMPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ;48
            IMPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ;49
            IMPORT TIM2_IRQHandler ;50
            IMPORT TIM3_IRQHandler ;51
            IMPORT TIM4_IRQHandler ;52
            IMPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ;53
            IMPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ;54
            IMPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ;55
            IMPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ;56
            IMPORT SPI1_IRQHandler ;57
            IMPORT SPI2_IRQHandler ;58
            IMPORT USART1_IRQHandler ;59
            IMPORT USART2_IRQHandler ;60
            IMPORT USART3_IRQHandler ;61
            IMPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ;62
            IMPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ;63
            IMPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ;64
            IMPORT TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ;65
            IMPORT TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ;66
            IMPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ;67
            IMPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ;68
            IMPORT ADC3_IRQHandler ;69
            IMPORT FSMC_IRQHandler ;70
          IMPORT SDIO_IRQHandler ;71
            IMPORT TIM5_IRQHandler ;72
            IMPORT SPI3_IRQHandler ;73
            IMPORT UART4_IRQHandler ;74
            IMPORT UART5_IRQHandler ;75
            IMPORT TIM6_IRQHandler ;76
            IMPORT TIM7_IRQHandler ;77
            IMPORT DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ;78
            IMPORT DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ;79
            IMPORT DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ;80
            IMPORT DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ;81
            AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY ;82
            EXPORT __Vectors ;83
            __Vectors ;84
            DCD __initial_sp ;85
            DCD Reset_Handler ;86
            DCD NMIException ;87
            DCD HardFaultException ;88
            DCD MemManageException ;89
            DCD BusFaultException ;90
            DCD UsageFaultException ;91
            DCD 0 ;92
            DCD 0 ;93
            DCD 0 ;94
            DCD 0 ;95
            DCD SVCHandler ;96
            DCD DebugMonitor ;97
            DCD 0 ;98
            DCD PendSVC ;99
            DCD SysTickHandler ;100
            DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ;101
            DCD PVD_IRQHandler ;102
            DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ;103
            DCD RTC_IRQHandler ;104
            DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ;105
            DCD RCC_IRQHandler ;106
            DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ;107
            DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ;108
            DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ;109
            DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ;110
            DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ;111
            DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ;112
            DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ;113
            DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ;114
            DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ;115
            DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ;116
            DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ;117
            DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ;118
            DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ;119
            DCD USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler ;120
            DCD USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler ;121
            DCD CAN_RX1_IRQHandler ;122
            DCD CAN_SCE_IRQHandler ;123
            DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ;124
            DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ;125
            DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ;126
            DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ;127
            DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ;128
            DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ;129
            DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ;130
            DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ;131
            DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ;132
            DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ;133
            DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ;134
            DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ;135
            DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ;136
            DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ;137
            DCD USART1_IRQHandler ;138
            DCD USART2_IRQHandler ;139
            DCD USART3_IRQHandler ;140
            DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ;141
            DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ;142
            DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ;143
            DCD TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ;144
            DCD TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ;145
            DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ;146
            DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ;147
            DCD ADC3_IRQHandler ;148
            DCD FSMC_IRQHandler ;149
            DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ;150
            DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ;151
            DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ;152
            DCD UART4_IRQHandler ;153
            DCD UART5_IRQHandler ;154
            DCD TIM6_IRQHandler ;155
            DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ;156
            DCD DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ;157
            DCD DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ;158
            DCD DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ;159
            DCD DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ;160
            AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ;161
            Reset_Handler PROC ;162
            EXPORT Reset_Handler ;163
            IF DATA_IN_ExtSRAM == 1 ;164
            LDR R0,= 0x00000114 ;165
            LDR R1,= 0x40021014 ;166
            STR R0,[R1] ;167
            LDR R0,= 0x000001E0 ;168
            LDR R1,= 0x40021018 ;169
            STR R0,[R1] ;170
            LDR R0,= 0x44BB44BB ;171
          LDR R1,= 0x40011400 ;172
            STR R0,[R1] ;173
            LDR R0,= 0xBBBBBBBB ;174
            LDR R1,= 0x40011404 ;175
            STR R0,[R1] ;176
            LDR R0,= 0xB44444BB ;177
            LDR R1,= 0x40011800 ;178
            STR R0,[R1] ;179
            LDR R0,= 0xBBBBBBBB ;180
            LDR R1,= 0x40011804 ;181
            STR R0,[R1] ;182
            LDR R0,= 0x44BBBBBB ;183
            LDR R1,= 0x40011C00 ;184
            STR R0,[R1] ;185
            LDR R0,= 0xBBBB4444 ;186
            LDR R1,= 0x40011C04 ;187
            STR R0,[R1] ;188
            LDR R0,= 0x44BBBBBB ;189
            LDR R1,= 0x40012000 ;190
            STR R0,[R1] ;191
            LDR R0,= 0x44444B44 ;192
            LDR R1,= 0x40012004 ;193
            STR R0,[R1] ;194
            LDR R0,= 0x00001011 ;195
            LDR R1,= 0xA0000010 ;196
            STR R0,[R1] ;197
            LDR R0,= 0x00000200 ;198
            LDR R1,= 0xA0000014 ;199
            STR R0,[R1] ;200
            ENDIF ;201
            IMPORT __main ;202
            LDR R0, =__main ;203
            BX R0 ;204
            ENDP ;205
            ALIGN ;206
            IF :DEF:__MICROLIB ;207
            EXPORT __initial_sp ;208
            EXPORT __heap_base ;209
            EXPORT __heap_limit ;210
            ELSE ;211
            IMPORT __use_two_region_memory ;212
            EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap ;213
            __user_initial_stackheap ;214
            LDR R0, = Heap_Mem ;215
            LDR R1, = (Stack_Mem + Stack_Size) ;216
            LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size) ;217
            LDR R3, = Stack_Mem ;218
            BX LR ;219
            ALIGN ;220
            ENDIF ;221
            END ;222
            ENDIF ;223
            END ;224

            如程序清單一,STM32的啟動(dòng)代碼一共224行,使用了匯編語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě),這其中的主要原因下文將會(huì)給出交代。現(xiàn)在從第一行開(kāi)始分析:

          調(diào)壓器相關(guān)文章:調(diào)壓器原理

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