基于磁放大器的大電流多輸出開關穩(wěn)壓電源的研究
整個閉環(huán)系統(tǒng)是由輸出LC濾波器、控制復位電流模塊、采樣網(wǎng)絡和PI調(diào)節(jié)器所組成。一個穩(wěn)定的閉環(huán)系統(tǒng)必須同時具有下面兩個條件:一是截止頻率
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5.1 輸出LC濾波器
輸出LC濾波器的等效電路如圖5所示:
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圖5中的Resr是電容的等效串聯(lián)電阻,此處的電容值為1000uF,等效串聯(lián)電阻為0.12#8486;。則LC濾波器的增益曲線如圖6所示。
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其中:
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從上面等效電路可知,LC輸出濾波器的傳遞函數(shù)為:
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所以LC濾波器在截止頻率
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5.2 控制復位電流模塊
控制復位電流模塊的增益
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由于輸出電壓為5V,式中取
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5.3 采樣網(wǎng)絡
對于UC3838A控制模塊,其誤差放大器所能容忍的參考電壓為2.5V,而輸出電壓是5V,使采樣電阻R5=R6 , 所以采樣網(wǎng)絡的增益
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在截止
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所以整個
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5.4 PI調(diào)節(jié)器
通過前面的計算、分析可知
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該二階誤差放大器的傳遞函數(shù)為:
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通常,C6C4 固有:
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其增益曲線如圖7中所示。由于
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由:
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可得:K=22.9
由式(8)可知:
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式中:取R14=100K#8486;
故:
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PI調(diào)節(jié)器的增益曲線如圖7所示,本設計中必須注意PI調(diào)節(jié)器增益曲線中兩個轉(zhuǎn)折頻率的設計,因為欲使系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定,截止頻率所處的中頻段必須有一定的寬度,
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根據(jù):
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有
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同理:
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滿足:
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5.5 整個系統(tǒng)開環(huán)增益分析
將曲線
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6 計算機仿真
通過上面的分析與計算,以及給定的各個元件的參數(shù),進行計算機仿真,其仿真波形如圖9所示。從仿真波形中可以看出:輸出電壓能夠滿足設計的需要。并且在實驗室與實際生產(chǎn)中驗證:該開關電源的效率可達85%,穩(wěn)壓精度高達98.5%。
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7 結(jié)束語與應用前景
對于大電流多組輸出的開關穩(wěn)壓電源,用傳統(tǒng)的電壓負反饋不能解決輔助輸出電壓的穩(wěn)定,本文中采用了磁放大器后相校正的方式解決了其輸出電壓的穩(wěn)定,而且磁放大器后相校正方式具有的價格便宜、繞制方式簡單、控制芯片的外圍電路簡單和閉環(huán)易于控制的優(yōu)點,且利于推廣應用。本文所設計的新型大電流多輸出開關穩(wěn)壓電源已在深圳一家公司得到了應用,使用效果良好。
參考文獻
[1] 呂厚余,自動控制原理,重慶大學出版社,1998
[2] 張惠,馮英.電源大全[M].成都:西南交通大學出版社,1993
[3] Pressman, Switching power supply design, Electrical Engineering series, Second Edition
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