基于28nn Stratix V FPGA的100GbE線路卡設計技術
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Altera’s 28-nm Stratix V FPGAs include innovations such as an enhanced core architecture, integrated transceivers up to 28 Gbps, and a unique array of integrated hard intellectual property (IP) blocks. With these innovations, Stratix V FPGAs deliver a new class of application-targeted devices optimized for:
■ Bandwidth-centric applications and protocols
■ Data-intensive applications for 40G/100G and beyond
■ High-performance, high-precision digital signal processing (DSP) applications Stratix V FPGAs are available in four variants (GT, GX, GS, and E), each targeted for a different set of applications. For higher volume production, you can prototype with Stratix V FPGAs and use the low-risk, low-cost path to HardCopy® V ASICs.Stratix V FPGAs deliver the industry’s most flexible transceivers with the highest bandwidth from 600 Mbps to 28 Gbps, low Bit Error Ratio (BER), and low power.
Stratix V transceivers have many enhancements to improve flexibility and robustness.
These enhancements include robust analog receive Clock and Data Recovery (CDR), advanced pre-emphasis and equalization for 12.5 Gbps backplanes. In addition, all transceivers are identical with full featured embedded PCS hard IP to simplify the design, lower the power, and save valuable core resources. Stratix V transceivers are designed to be standard compliant for a wide range of protocols and data rates, and are equipped with a variety of signal conditioning features to support backplane, optical module, and chip-to-chip applications
Stratix V FPGA主要特性：
■ Technology
● 28-nm TSMC process technology
● 0.85-V core voltage
■ Low power serial transceivers
● 28 Gbps transceivers on Stratix V GT devices
● 600 Mbps to 12.5 Gbps backplane capability
● Transmit pre-emphasis and de-emphasis
● Dynamic reconfiguration of individual channels
■ General purpose I/Os
● 1.6-Gbps LVDS
● 533-MHz/1066-Mbps external memory interface
● On-chip termination (OCT)
● 1.2-V to 3.3-V interfacing for Stratix V GX/GS/E devices
● 1.2-V to 2.5-V interfacing for Stratix V GT device
■ Embedded HardCopy Block
● PCI Express Gen1/Gen 2 complete protocol stack, ×1/×4/×8 end point and root port
■ Embedded transceiver hard IP
● Interlaken PCS
● Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) and XAUI PCS
● 10G Ethernet PCS
● Serial Rapid I/O (SRIO) PCS
● Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) PCS
● Gigabit Passive Optical Networking (GPON) PCS
■ Power Management
● Programmable Power Technology
● Quartus® II integrated PowerPlay Power Analysis
■ High performance core fabric
● Enhanced ALM with 4 registers
● Improved routing architecture reduces congestion and improves compile times
■ Embedded memory blocks
● M20K: 20-Kbit with hard ECC
● MLAB: 640-bit
■ Variable precision DSP blocks
● Up to 500 MHz performance
● Natively support signal processing with precision ranging from 9×9 up to 54×54
● New native 27×27 multiply mode
● 64-bit accumulator and cascade for systolic FIRs
● Embedded internal coefficient memory
● Pre-adder/subtractor improves efficiency
● Increased number of outputs allows more independent multipliers
■ Fractional PLLs
● Fractional mode with third-order delta-sigma modulation
● Integer mode
● Precision clock synthesis, clock delay compensation, and zero delay buffering
■ Clock networks
● 717-MHz fabric clocking
● Global, quadrant, and peripheral clock networks
● Unused clock networks can be powered down to reduce dynamic power
■ Configuration
● Serial and parallel flash interface
● Enhanced AES design security features
● Tamper protection
■ High performance packaging
● Multiple device densities with identical package footprints enables seamless migration between different FPGA densities
● FBGA packaging with on-package decoupling capacitors
● Lead and RoHS-compliant lead-free options
■ HardCopy V migration
圖1。Stratix V GT/GX/GS FPGA芯片圖
表1。Stratix V GT/GX/GS FPGA型號
Stratix V FPGAs address the design challenges for applications in a variety of industries. Expand the sections below for details about specific applications.
Stratix V GT/GX/GS FPGA應用：
1.100-Gb Optical Transport Network (OTN) Multiplexing Transponder
圖2.100Gb OTN多路收發(fā)器框圖
100Gb OTN多路收發(fā)器主要特性:
lMulti-standard client interfaces enabled through easy-to-use partial reconfiguration and serial transceivers with continuous data range of 600 Mbps to 12.5 Gbps
lEnhanced clocking flexibility with up to 44 independent transmit clock domains
lIntegrated electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) capability in transceivers to enable direct drive of optical modules (SFP+, SFP, QSFP, CFP)
l28-Gbps transceivers for next-generation optical interfaces
lAdvanced fPLL replacing external voltage-controlled crystal oscillators (VCXOs)
2.100 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) Line Card
圖3.100GbE線路卡框圖
100GbE線路卡主要特性:
lHigher system integration through highest density and hard PCS blocks for 40 GbE, 100 GbE, and Interlaken
lHigh-bandwidth data-buffering with up to 1,600-Mbps external memory interfaces
lEfficient implementation of packet processing and traffic management functions
lHigher system performance while staying within your power and cost budget
3.Crossbar and Backplane Switch Fabric
圖4.縱橫制和背板交換框圖
縱橫制和背板交換主要特性:
lHighest bandwidth through 66 identical transceivers with continuous data rate from 600 Mbps to 12.5 Gbps
lBuilt-in advanced signal conditioning circuitry for direct drive of 10GBASE-KR backplanes
lFlexible support for various line-card interfaces with partial and dynamic reconfiguration
lOptimized implementation of scheduling functions through high level of integration
4.Military Radar Application
圖5.軍用雷達應用框圖
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